10-Deacetylbaccatins (10 DAB) NATURAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USED AS STARTING MATERIAL FOR ANTICANCER DRUGS PRODUCTION -

10-Deacetylbaccatins (10 DAB) is a series of closely related natural organic compounds isolated from the yew tree (Genera Taxus). 10-DAB is also isolated from the needles (leaves) and roots of the Canadian Yew tree, Taxus canadensis, the American ornamental Yew Tree, Taxus media “hicksii” or the European Yew Tree, Taxus baccata, utilizing patented Super Fluid CXP technology [Castor, US Patent] followed by segmentation chromatography.

10-DAB is used as the core starting material in the semi-synthetic manufacturing of Paclitaxel and Docetaxel, a potent anticancer compound.
Initial silica chromatography separates oils and polar components from hyperforin and adhyperforin. Then C18 chromatography is used to separate hyperforin and adhyperforin.
10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase converts 10-deacetylbaccatin to baccatin III:
acetyl-CoA + 10-deacetylbaccatin III ⇌ CoA + baccatin III

Properties

Related Categories	Antibiotics, Antibiotics A to Z, Antibiotics A-F, Antibiotics by Application, Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Antibiotics
Molecular Formula	C₂₉H₃₆O₁₀
Biological source	Taxus baccata
Synonyms	NSC 251677
λmax	230 nm
Assay	≥95% (HPLC)
Form	Solid
Mol wt	Mol wt 544.59 g/mol
Color	White
Solubility	Methanol: soluble, clear, colorless (5 mg + 0.1 mL MeOH)
Mode of action	DNA synthesis \| interferes
Antibiotic activity spectrum	Neoplastics
Storage temp.	2-8°C
Water Solubility	INSOLUBLE
Flashpoint:	>110° (230°F)
Melting point:	231-236 °C
Boiling point:	717℃
Stability	≥ 2 years
SAFETY
Hazard Codes	T
Risk Statements	23/24/25
Safety Statements	45-38-36/37/39-28A-24/25
RIDADR	1544
WGK Germany	3
HazardClass	6.1(b)
PackingGroup	III

Taxol is mainly produced by yew trees. With extremely low content, its concentration ranges from 0 to 0.069% (tree material dry weight), with the highest percentage found in the bark. Therefore, at the early stage of drug development, the destructive collection of bark for Taxol threatened wild resources and was ultimately prohibited around the world. For example, all Taxus species were under the Grade I national protection in the National Key Protected Wild Plants List (1999) published by the Chinese government (http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2000/content_60072.htm). T. wallichiana was also listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in 1995, and afterwards, other Taxus species, such as T. chinensis and T. cuspidata, were added to the Appendix II. Consequently, alternative Taxol sources have been explored to meet increasing clinical requirements. Currently, Taxol produced from seedling culture, forestation of yew trees and chemical semi-synthesis of Taxol from the precursor 10-deacetylbaccatin III (10-DAB) have become the major Taxol sources for clinical supply. 10-DAB is also one of the key intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of Taxol and is converted into baccatin III by the enzyme 10-deacetylbaccatin III-10-O-acetyltransferase (DBAT).

Biological Activity of 10-DAB:

10-deacetylbaccatin III is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of the taxane, paclitaxel. Taxanes disrupt mitosis by preventing microtubule destabilization and spindle fiber formation in animal cells (Molè-Bajer, 1983). Taxanes are currently being investigated as a possible treatment for certain cancers, and paclitaxel is currently approved by the FDA for treatment of AIDS-related Karposi sarcoma, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and ovarian cancer (National Cancer Institute, 2012).

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